Diabetes insipidus is a rare condition where your body loses excessive amounts of fluids through urination resulting in dehydration and other illness. It’s a condition that simply affects the regulation of fluid levels in your body. Diabetes insipidus takes two forms, neurogenic diabetes insipidus, and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
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Neurogenic diabetes insipidus arises when your pituitary glands are unable to secrete vasopressin hormones that help to regulate your body fluids. On the other hand, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, the secretion of vasopressin is normal, but the kidneys fail to correspond correctly with the hormone. The main symptoms of diabetes insipidus are frequent urination and excessive thirst (polydipsia).
Diabetes insipidus treatment
Diabetes insipidus can be a serious problem if you are unable to replace the lost fluid in the urination. The condition is manageable by taking enough water or other fluids. If there are other underlying conditions causing high urination like diabetes mellitus or use of drugs, they should be treated to solve the condition.
You can also replace vasopressin hormone using synthetic analog known as desmopressin. You can find the drug in the form of injection, nasal spray or injection and take when needed.
You should always be careful not to take an overdose because it can result in excess water retention, causing severe effects such as fatal water intoxication and hyponatremia. The drugs work great when you follow the appropriate dosages.
Mild neurogenic diabetes insipidus may not necessarily require hormone replacement; you can manage it by increasing your water intake.
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, on the other hand, may be treated by;
- Anti-inflammatory medicines
- Reduce sodium intake
- Diuretics, such as hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride
- Increase water intake
- Reduce protein and caffeine intake to control water retention
Your doctor can also recommend a low-salt diet plan to manage the condition.
In summation, diabetes insipidus symptoms are manageable. However, the condition is difficult to prevent since genetic problems and other conditions cause it. It’s a long condition, therefore seeking for a continuous medical treatment will be helpful.
